Humphrey, Hubert H., Jr. Hubert Horatio Humphrey, b. Wallace, S.Dak., May 27, 1911, d. Jan. 13, 1978, was the 38th vice-president of the United States (1965-69) and a leader of the prolabor and civil rights elements in the Democratic party. A loquacious, ebullient man who preached a "politics of joy," he was several times a candidate for the presidency. Humphrey began working as a pharmacist in his father's drugstore. He went on to teach political science and held federal administrative posts in Minneapolis. He helped unite Minnesota's Farmer-Labor and Democratic parties, and with their support he was elected mayor of Minneapolis in 1945. At the Democratic National Convention in 1948, he sponsored a civil rights plank that caused the southern DIXIECRATS to bolt the party. Humphrey was elected to the Senate that year and served until 1964, when he was chosen as President Lyndon B. Johnson's running mate. After four years as vice-president, Humphrey was nominated for the presidency in 1968. His defense of the Vietnam War cost him the support of the antiwar movement, however, and he was narrowly defeated by Richard M. Nixon. After two years out of office, Humphrey returned to the Senate in 1971. In 1972 and 1976 he sought the presidential nomination again but lost to George McGovern and Jimmy Carter. He was still a senator at his death in 1978. Bibliography: Garrettson, Charles L., III, Hubert H. Humphreyand the Politics of Joy (1993); Humphrey, Hubert, Education of a Public Man (1976; rev. ed., 1991); Solberg, Carl, Hubert Humphrey: A Political Biography (1984).